Despite the floristic information available on inselbergs from some regions (such as Brazil, West Africa, Madagascar, and Australia), many other regions are rich in inselbergs, yet little data is available (Angola, East Africa, and India). We need more studies that fill such gaps to expand our knowledge and help protect these important habitats. The mechanisms that produce the diversity patterns of inselbergs and their role in local and regional diversity are yet to be explored as well. For example, the importance of environmental filtering or isolation on inselberg species (and their populations) has been poorly investigated thus far. Similarly, it is still not clear if their role in increasing environmental heterogeneity (because most inselbergs constitute a drier ecosystem embedded in a more humid matrix vegetation) boosts regional diversity in all its facets, or if they might play an important role as refuges to species from their surroundings. Furthermore, due to inselbergs' island-like features, they provide a good opportunity for investigating and testing evolutionary and ecological hypotheses. This is especially relevant for plants whose center of diversity is located on one or several inselbergs, like certain carnivorous and desiccation-tolerant plants. The need for further studies regarding inselbergs becomes even more apparent if we take into account that many inselbergs are threatened by human activities, such as mining, tourism, weed invasion, and fire. In certain regions, such as near Bangalore in India and in the Brazilian state of Espirito Santo, inselbergs have completely disappeared from the landscape due to excessive mining. We need efficient strategies to protect the flora of these iconic ecosystems.